Because of the periodic nature of the sine wave, if the wave form is shifted by 360° it becomes the same waveform again, as if it was shifted by 0°. It is often given as a number between 0 and 360 and measured in degrees. Phase is a measure of how shifted the waveform is with respect to time. T is our independent variable: time (measured in seconds). The frequency tells how many times a particular wave form (in this case, one cycle of our sine wave - a rise and a fall) occurs within one second.
This is given in the form of hertz or units per second. The sin() function indicates that our voltage will be in the form of a periodic sine wave, which is a smooth oscillation around 0V.Ģπ is a constant that converts the freqency from cycles (in hertz) to angular frequnecy (radians per second).į describes the frequency of the sine wave. This describes the maximum voltage that our sine wave can reach in either direction, meaning that our voltage can be +V P volts, -V P volts, or somewhere in between. The equation to the right of the equals sign describes how the voltage changes over time. V(t) is our voltage as a function of time, which means that our voltage changes as time changes. Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Ohm's Law.Some examples of AC and DC applications.AC also has some useful properties, such as being able to convert voltage levels with a single component (a transformer), which is why AC was chosen as the primary means to transmit electricity over long distances. Most homes are wired for AC, so if you plan to connect your Tardis music box project to an outlet, you will need to convert AC to DC.
However, it is important to understand some AC concepts. Most of the digital electronics that you build will use DC. The voltage in AC circuits also periodically reverses because the current changes direction. Electric charge in alternating current (AC), on the other hand, changes direction periodically. In direct current (DC), the electric charge (current) only flows in one direction.
Where did the Australian rock band AC/DC get their name from? Why, Alternating Current and Direct Current, of course! Both AC and DC describe types of current flow in a circuit.
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